The chart below shows an example of an engine oil formulation with two different quality PAOs. PAOs are the most common synthetic basestock used in industrial and automotive lubricants. package, an optimal PAO formulation will be different than that of mineral oils. As temperature decreases, a higher VI fluid will have reduced viscous drag, which could lead to higher horsepower and energy efficiency. Glad you asked! / The latest news, content and events about our company, initiatives, markets and products. False (2;2222;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;@@@@@;@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ " B Initially, it was intended to fill the gap in supply and was found to be exceptionally suitable for applications where extremely low pour points were not necessary. As the viscosity grade decreases, the volatility and high-temperature/high-shear viscosity will be limiting factors. Polyolefin. Now that fuel economy is more important than ever, even a one percent improvement can make a significant difference on overall costs. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 163 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> proof:pdf PAOs are uniquely suited to aviation hydraulics because of the inherently high flash/fire points and low volatility. The most favorable performance is achieved by using the highest-quality base oils. A grease formulated with Synfluid PAO and OMGs Calciplex grease precursor could yield a multipurpose product, which allows for consolidation of your grease inventory. PAOs help meet and exceed the formulation requirements necessary in a wide variety of specifications, including Allison TES-295, Eaton PS-162 and Mil-2105. Cant find what youre looking for? 0000017608 00000 n 2014-03-26T09:12:57.905-05:00 With todays oils requiring a higher-quality lubricant basestock to meet more stringent tests, polyalphaolefins are perfectly tailored and consistently manufactured to meet the challenge. The more EO monomer in the basestock, the more water-soluble; the more PO monomer, the more water-insoluble; and the more BO monomer, the more oil-soluble the basestock is. Because metalworking processes can generate heat, these properties give you an intrinsic safety margin over the more volatile oils that are typically used. Synfluid mPAOs exhibit faster air release times, particularly when comparing the 100 cSt blends. Low-viscosity Synfluid PAOs are both NSF H1 and HX-1 registered. 168 0 obj High temperatures can thin and break down oil, crippling its lubricating ability, whereas low temperatures can rob a lubricant of its ability to reach critical parts. The latest news, content and events about our company, initiatives, markets and products. Synfluid PAOs, in addition to NSF H1 qualification, are also available as kosher approved products. A run through the test: There are distinct advantages in volatility and low-temperature viscosity. . Sustained operations at elevated temperatures increase the rate of oxidation and other degradation reactions. xb```f``5``c`X% @kVTW(4n5@,6$ ^09z| R/'T4D:/Iih2f/W8 CV@Vb n m[ iF ^` -2 These products are acceptable for use as a lubricant (H1) or as a lubricant component (HX-1), with incidental food contact in and around food processing areas. As a result, the jump in the viscosity adversely effects the ability to pump at low temperatures. Group V oils also include esters and naphthenic oils. This is especially true when you consider the entire operating temperature range including startup. However, unlike foaming, entrained air can be a difficult problem to treat with additives. C 20 40 60 20 40 60 80 100 20 40 60 80 100 20 40 60 80 100 120 20 40 60 . They are usually derived from a small set of simple olefins ( alkenes ). The vast number of high-quality base oil choices can be daunting when trying to balance fuel efficiency and wear protection. Because of their controlled structure, PAOs do not contain lighter, more volatile (small) hydrocarbons. 0000135087 00000 n Give us a call to discuss how Synfluid PAOs can withstand the pressure in your hydraulic applications. The trend falls short when comparisons are made between PAOs and mineral oils, based solely on the VI. 0000042568 00000 n The results indicate that the CSC 980 Tan grease has a running torque of 3.77 N-m versus 10.9 N-m for the same grease with an alternate base oil. Oxidative stability is a critical property enabling oils to resist sludge formation and degradation while in service. For instance, many producers have tailored production to Group II+ stocks at 118119 VI, just below the ambiguous Group III limit of 120VI. Our team of experts answer the most frequently asked questions. Fluid distribution panels are also discussed. %PDF-1.4 % Well be happy to help you solve your lubricant concerns. Satisfactory to 72F (22C) 2. 0000010623 00000 n Our safety, technical and regulatory product information, as well as company and industry resources. However, PAOs can help. 0000162572 00000 n Dominant in a commercial sense are polyethylene and polypropylene. Low molecular weight compounds will degrade other performance requirements, such as volatility, flash and fire points. Two major types of synthetic basestockspolyalkylene glycols (PAG) and polyalphaolefin (PAO)and the lubricants formulated from them, will be compared. The reason a PAO is selected as a lubricant basestock is its ability to improve performance and solve problems. Polyalphaolefins (PAO)-60 to 125 C Stable, lubricious fluids compatible with most plastics and elastomers. We believe it can be understood by looking at the thermal conductivity and specific heat of the base oils. &&3#-j`t$f>3+Jo>9rTj!ft%lA+:k$BshQ(I"&sKH9~p0njga4Z#Sm!2Y-r+E)9]m%nFA}O3>Jo#iW/1Pxq5GJ1\/n.n_>$}RX\~7Zjqh=b$@t%W8zRu{@ BZfUq(_}I/0]J6AX8*sa}5b\$d`6."$? Base Oil Compatibility Chart Base Oil . Specific tests such as the Volkswagen T-4, TDI and Peugeot TU-5 have increased the demand for higher-quality base oils. Chevron Phillips Chemical has been producing two families of PAOs for close to 25 years. These synthetic hydrocarbons are designed to provide superior lubrication performance over a wider operating-temperature range than petroleum oils and typically are less volatile. <>stream Softening, loss of strength, or swelling may occur. However, VI doesnt tell the whole story it only reflects the viscosity/temperature relationship between 40C and 100C. The chart below shows the gas chromatogram of PAO versus white mineral oil, illustrating the relative enhanced purity of PAO. In addition to the low temperature performance demonstrated by CCS, the volatility and viscosity index of the PAO 5 and 7 blend are improved over traditional PAO 6. <<264FCCC095A7AD46A42A03D56AD5B96C>]>> 0000036029 00000 n This difference in polarity impacts many lubricant properties including elastomer compatibility, paint solvency, deposit control, and lubrication. Address new equipment conditions (higher operating temperature and pressure, greater loads and speed). Benefits of the new system are a much higher viscosity index (VI), superior pour points and improved low-temperature fluidity, all of which contribute to improved energy efficiency. The VI of PAOs typically only varies one to two points. 0000000016 00000 n Polyalkylene glycol (PAG) and polyalphaolefin (PAO) are two synthetic lubricant options for industrial applications. PAOs help to balance the protection and energy conservation requirements in equipment because they are more Newtonian than mineral oils. According to analysis conducted by Kline & Co., more than 78% of all lubricant requirements in the world annually are met with the use of mineral oil-based fluids. from application/x-indesign to application/pdf However, these products have demonstrated unique advantages in Sequence IIIF, VW T4 and TDI tests due to many of the other properties that are inherent in them. There can be many benefits from choosing a high VI base fluid. The chart below illustrates how Chevron Phillips Chemical has come up with an economical solution to a VW T-4 engine test. The PAOsare produced through synthesizing oligomers of either 1-decene or 1-dodecene. 0000000995 00000 n <> The use of synthetic or man-made lubricants in various industrial and automotive applications are becoming commonplace and continues to expand into applications where only mineral oil-based fluids had been used. The table below shows how our new Synfluid mPAOs offer significant advantages in pour point and viscosity index over conventional high-viscosity PAOs. 0000017423 00000 n Finally, due to their excellent response to antioxidants, Spectra-Syn Plus PAO can be formulated to resist thermal oxidative attack. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 161 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> endobj The information from such third party sources is believed to be reliable and accurate; however, Purchaser should make its own determination of compatibility before using any SpillTech product. For example, the fraction that has predominantly the 1-decene trimer (C30 oligomer) has a 100C viscosity of 4 cSt and is known as PAO 4. 175 0 obj After all, the reason a PAO is selected as a lubricant basestock is its ability to improve performance and solve problems. 0000001216 00000 n The PAOs . The effects of the shear rate differences are even more exaggerated at low-temperature startup conditions, when the lubricant function is critical for equipment protection. In both cases, the reduction in volatility will translate to lower oil consumption and reduced engine varnish over the life of the oil. 232 0 obj Chemical Compatibility Guide; what chemicals to use; guide for chemical uses; general guideline for pump material selection; material chemical compatibility This Chemical Compatibility Chart is a shorthand tool for describing the suitability of miniature fluidic and pneumatic component materials for use in contact with various chemicals. These are areas where PAOs excel. 0000048689 00000 n Compatible with seals and paint used with mineral oil, no need for change at all operating temperatures. <> 0000140193 00000 n trailer <<1656AD0EDA344239AE3641B5710538C3>]/Prev 1036271>> startxref 0 %%EOF 296 0 obj <>stream Although PAOs are not considered biobased themselves, in a blend they contribute certain performance benefits. Were here to help. 0000033361 00000 n Chemical Compatibility Guide This will increase the dependence on high-quality base oils such as PAOs. More specialized polyolefins include polyisobutylene and polymethylpentene. Driveline specifications continue to become more stringent. In order of volume used, they are: polyalphaolefins (PAOs), organic esters, and polyglycols. With the powerful combination of MOLYKOTE Specialty Lubricants and DuPont Polymers, our understanding of grease-polymer compatibility allows our customers the unique ability to select products faster and move through validations with confidence. If pour point is not a critical property in your application, then blending a PAO 5 and PAO 7 might give you that clear advantage that you are looking for. Chemical Compatibility Guide When possible, testing compatibility between the specific PAG lubricant to be used and the specific seal types or paints to be used is recommended. 3.0 CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY GUIDE FOR METALLIC MATERIALS In addition to this chemical compatibility chart, report TR-60C, Bal Seal has two other reports: report TR-60A "Chemical Compatibility Guide for Bal Seal PTFE, Filled PTFE, and Polyethylene Seal The lighter components cause poorer volatility properties as well as lower flash and fire points. LDPE is defined by a density range of 0.910-0.940 g/cm3. Furthermore, thermal conductivity at 300F for PAO 6 is 0.085 compared to 0.071 Btuft/(hft2F) for an equiviscous mineral oil, which means that the PAO can conduct 20percent more heat than the mineral oil for better heat dissipation. This resistance to fire and flame propagation improves the margin of safety in the event of a hydraulic leak. In addition to meeting current limits, a lower viscosity will reduce energy consumption. In our experience, some commercially available additive packages are designed to take better advantage of a specific base stock. polyalphaolefin compatibility chart. In addition, a PAO-based multi-purpose grease can be formulated to be both H1 and kosher approved. Chemical Compatibility Chart (cont.) It is a synthetic hydrocarbon (SHC) that mimics the best hydrocarbon (branched, non-ring) structure found in mineral oils and so corrects for many disadvantages of using mineral oil lubricants, including poor low-temperature fluidity, poor viscosity index, sludge deposits, and high volatility. With the powerful combination of MOLYKOTE. To improve fuel economy, OEMs are moving toward lower-viscosity oils, even in heavy-duty diesel engines. Sorry, you need to enable JavaScript to visit this website. Each 10C temperature rise can reduce oxidative stability by half. Our C10-based products, commercialized in the 1970s, were the first in the market. endobj This chart illustrates another benefit of using Synfluid PAOs at increased antioxidant treat rates. These advantages show that PAOs address problems other fluids cannot. These compounds are not discernable in Synfluid PAOs. Other base oil properties need to be considered. Polyalphaolefin (PAO) fluids are the most common major synthetic base oil used in industrial and automotive lubricants. 184 0 obj A drop-in replacement for petroleum, it's used in countless applications in many industries. Working in conjunction with the Union Carbide Chemicals, Plastics Company Inc., and the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research, the USNRL developed the first water-glycol, PAG-thickened, fire-resistant hydraulic fluid (WGHF). Polypropylene Satisfactory to 72 F. C Moderate effectFair D Severe effectNot recommended FOOTNOTES 1. 0000018828 00000 n Bk.2z3)))lBShBSX!D !DOaBBB*=]!z endobj mary berry grandchildren names . One example is the advantage PAO has over mineral oil in the area of high-temperature stability. They are also employed as base fluids in some wide temperature range greases. The dodecene-based products offer lower volatility at comparable viscosities to the decene-based products. Typically, petroleum-base oils are not synonymous with terms like green or environmentally friendly. 9 0 obj <>stream PAO-base oils help improve fuel economy in engine and drivetrain oils by reducing viscosity, volatility and traction coefficients as the chart below shows: These results show the potential for reducing friction loss using PAOs, which also typically have lower pressure-viscosity coefficients than mineral oils reducing elastohydrodynamic gear friction losses and energy consumption. All rights reserved. For other applications, PAOs safe and non-toxic nature allows them to be used where incidental food contact certification or kosher approval is necessary. endobj Compatibility testing includes heating and holding grease for a specified time at assumed operating temperature for mixtures of 10:90, 50:50 and 90:10. 0000135019 00000 n CHEMIC ATIBILITY 3 Updated 7/2/13 CHEMICALS METALS PLASTICS, ELASTOMERS & LEATHER A: Excellent, B: Good, C: Fair to Poor, D: Not recommended 0000161810 00000 n PAO-based lubricants offer a significant advantage in oxidative stability. The term synthetic hydrocarbon (SHC) is a general term. The price of Polyalphaolefin (PAO) has been steadily decreasing throughout the third quarter of 2022 on the back of the poor performance of the downstream automotive sector in the continent. 0000021835 00000 n 273 0 obj <> endobj xref 273 24 0000000016 00000 n Three stringent test standards required by Volkswagen and Mercedes-Benz engines show the impact of the variability of Group III oils: This data illustrates lot-to-lot variability, which has been recognized for the Group III oils. REFERENCEPAGES 1-800-833-7958 www.geotechenv.com fax303-322-7242 sales@geotechenv.com ChemicalCompatibilityTable For All Non-Metals For Metals R=Resistant E<2milsPenetration/Year The chart below shows how Synfluid PAOs can help meet these challenges with the excellent volatility properties of our PAO 5, 7 and 9 cSt grades. PAG polymers, first discovered more than 150 years ago, saw their breakthrough application occur during World War ll. 0000161878 00000 n Polyalphaolefin Characteristics To help you optimize your application, Chevron Phillips Chemical offers a wide variety of PAOs delivering oxidative and thermal stability advantages. These requirements or specifications will generally identify or recommend a product type (mineral oils, synthetic fluids, or bio-based fluids) and the proper performance requirements (developed into the lubricant by the component chemistry) to allow the machinery to run at an optimum level. The key to unlocking the full potential of your formulation requires using the right combination and concentration of antioxidant and Synfluid PAO. Youre not kidding! 101 0 obj <> The chart above shows the exceptional pour points of Synfluid mPAO 65, 100 and 150 cSt compared to traditional PAO 40 and 100 cSt. PAOs demonstrate advantages in three key areas: safety, performance and environmental sensitivity. 0000139372 00000 n Adding a PPD will reduce the pour point of a mineral oil, but it still will not achieve the performance of a PAO. Engine oil tests such as VW T-4 and Seq. Synfluid PAOs are designed to provide stable viscosities at low temperature and excellent viscometrics and deliver oxidative stability. Synfluid PAOs are already known for their excellent low-temperature and oxidative stability properties. 0000013783 00000 n PAG basestocks are synthetic polymers manufactured using a polymerization process that combines monomers ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO), and butylene oxide (BO) singly as homopolymers or in combinations to form a growing chain from a nucleophilic starter molecule, commonly an alcohol. 93 0 obj When PAO 5 and PAO 7 are compared to equiviscous blends of other PAOs, the volatility advantage can be seen more clearly. Our customers quickly realized the advantages in volatility, low-temperature viscometrics, VI and flash and fire points in equiviscous blends compared to 1-decene-based materials. The current trend toward lower viscosities, while providing for extended drain capabilities, does present an interesting challenge for base oils. Understanding this advantage is important for optimizing the performance of todays fluids and improving the life of equipment. Adobe PDF Library 10.0.1 However, not all synthetic lubricants are created equal. Eight standard model Portable Liquid Chillers and ten standard model PAO Carts. The superior benefits of PAOs enable formulators to meet these challenges. Whichever low-viscosity base oil is used, it must exhibit viscosity stability and low volatility. The chart below shows that the PAO has a higher specific heat, which means that the PAO is better at absorbing heat. The grease is then inspected for visual abnormalities and can be tested for penetration and four-ball wear change. There are indeed pressures in the industry that require improved oxidative stability. Certainly! trailer 0 304 Stainless Steel Chemical Compatibility Chart ver 28-Oct-2022 Key to General Chemical Resistance - All data is based on ambient or room temperature conditions, about 64F (18C) to 73F (23C) A = Excellent C = Fair - Moderate Effect, not recommended 0000004340 00000 n ]-]jW|^X^=E^7J3kgI%_9+v}Fwq{r9 *d(C>~z|7X#o!9lwu{^1se9),7v)mE,wa?t3 a$X{wzVAw}E^:5--_OXY+. Therefore, at high temperatures, it is advantageous to utilize a more stable base oil, specifically Synfluid PAO. Adobe InDesign CS6 (Macintosh) The absence of these structures and materials results in a very non-polar base oil with a high viscosity index (of approximately 130), excellent low-temperature flow and pour-point characteristics, good oxidation stability and compatibility with mineral oils, paints and seals commonly found in lube oil systems. Low-viscosity PAO fluids are used in automotive applications, such as engine oil and gear lubricants. It is possible to get added property benefits from C12-based Synfluid PAOs. 0000161553 00000 n polyalphaolefin compatibility chart. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 164 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> Since we are all concerned with the protection of our environment, it is important to note some PAOs can be formulated with other components into biodegradable fluids. PAG- and PAO-based lubricants are used in multiple industries and, as synthetics, offer improved performance over mineral oils. They have different characteristics, meaning that one may be superior to the other under certain circumstances. Naval Research Laboratory (USNRL) was begun to develop hydraulic fluids that would be more fire-resistant than the ones used at the time based on mineral oil. Some of the advantages of PAO-based lubricants are summarized in Table 5. %PDF-1.5 % Satisfactory to 72 F. 3. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 158 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> This Chemical Compatibility Guide is offered for informational purposes only and was developed from information sources other than SpillTech. During 2011, Chevron Phillips Chemical acquired PAO assets in Beringen, Belgium, and began mPAO production in Texas. Let us help you. Furthermore, the process is a simpler, more energy-efficient route for grease production. In terms of viscosity, there are tradeoffs in choosing one PAO over another: energy consumption (heat dissipation and production throughput) versus safety of operations (impacted by flash/fire points and volatility). In contrast, the Synfluid PAO formulation achieves a pass with as little as 30 percent PAO, the balance being Group I mineral oil. endobj 0000000416 00000 n startxref Synfluid PAO 5 and PAO 7 also offer several advantages in addition to the volatility, such as low pour point, high viscosity index, improved oxidative stability and excellent low-temperature viscosities. 0000033764 00000 n Polyphenols are a complicated group of plant-based chemicals. To improve seal compatibility of PAO-based lubricants, an ester is added to the formulation to add some polarity. Each lubricant type will be the best choice for different sets of use parameters, including: PAO-based lubricants may be preferred when the following lubricant attributes are targeted: PAG-based lubricants may be preferred when the following lubricant attributes are targeted: If end-users are in doubt about which lubricant would best suit their needs, it is recommended that an expert be contacted to assist with the decision-making process. To correctly identify what type of fluid is needed, the end-user must know the minimum lubricant requirements for that piece of equipment. <>>> First, dont touch the gear box; you will burn your hand. The magnitude of these benefits will depend on the particular formulation. CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART. You can see a medical doctor for your burn, but Dr. Ken Hope can help with your base oil and formulation challenges. material chemical compatibility Actions. At that time, both fires on U.S. Navy ships and aircraft were occurring due to the use of mineral oil-based hydraulic fluids. Polyglycols-40 to 125 C <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 162 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> This is a far greater benefit than can be achieved from other base oils. Furthermore, we are able to achieve these properties with non-decene alpha olefin feedstocks while providing advantages over existing products and extending feedstock supply. Not a subscriber or a registered user yet? This resistance to fire and flame propagation improves the margin of safety in the event of a hydraulic leak. Additives will increase the overall viscosities; however, PAO base oil leaves plenty of room for meeting specifications. June 16, 2022; Posted by usa volleyball national qualifiers 2022; 16 . 0000000891 00000 n 99 0 obj Absolutely! This new system improves the viscosity properties, which should be more energy conserving and achieves the ultimate biodegradation rating ASTM D5864-PW1. Heres an overview of our production process: Copyright 2023 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC. They may also be used in applications and areas that may result in incidental food contact or on equipment where there is a potential exposure of the lubricated part to food, such as on food processing equipment as a protective anti-rust film. The chart below shows a comparison of the foaming characteristics of our Synfluid mPAO high-viscosity base oils with traditional high-viscosity PAO 40 and 100 cSt base oils. General properties of water-soluble, water-insoluble, and oil-soluble PAG basestocks are shown in Table 1. 2023 Access Intelligence, LLC - All Rights Reserved. California Transparency in Supply Chains Act Disclosure. Chevron Phillips Chemical offers two lines of PAOs. Synfluid PAO improves finished lubricant performance when formulated into biodegradable and biobased lubricants in low-temperature viscometrics and oxidative stability. 2013-07-10T14:05:23-05:00 Process Chemical Compatibility Guide Getting the air to release from the lubricant is vital to allowing the lubricant to do its job. 11 46 You would expect the viscosity to improve with a lower pour point, but the opposite is true. Water for liquid cooling comes from different sources. Changes in low-temperature viscometrics and oxidative stability requirements demand higher-quality base oils. The information listed in parentheses is D-1418 nomencalture, common acronyms or common trade names. Chemical kinetics tell us that if you reduce the temperature, you will reduce the reaction rate. It is not reactive at room temperatures, except by strong oxidizing agents, and some solvents cause swelling. Oils made with PAOs demonstrate an inherently high viscosity index and maintain excellent low-temperature performance, compared with mineral oils. Polyalphaolefin (PAO) is manufactured through a synthetic chemical process that originates from ethylene. 1 . Use our Chemical Compatibility Chart as guide for evaluating the resistance of polymer and metal materials to a wide range of chemicals found in industrial . 0000135615 00000 n We have measured a 25 percent improvement in oxidation induction times simply by decreasing the test temperature by 10 degrees. Nine standard circulating fluids including d-Limonene, FC77 Flourinert, Galden, Lexol 408, Paratherm CR, Coolanol and PAO. Low-temperature fluidity and high-temperature thermal and oxidative stability are key factors for choosing a PAO. Synthetic basestocks, more so than in mineral oil basestocks, are the primary contributor to most of the basic properties of the lubricant, including oil or water solubility, low-temperature fluidity, lubrication, volatility, ignitability, and seal and paint compatibility. In the past three years, European specifications for volatility and oxidative stability have become significantly more stringent. PAG-based lubricants have excellent viscosity indices significantly better than PAO-based lubricants of the same viscosity grade. endobj Jun 09, 2022. polyalphaolefin compatibility chart . Temp. 0000001605 00000 n polyalphaolefin compatibility chart. These properties translate into easier distribution of the grease and improved energy efficiency in the equipment. Better heat transfer coefficients, increased lubricity and the basic chemical structure of PAOs all contribute to the lower temperature in the gearbox. PAG- and PAO-based lubricants rarely compete in industrial applications. Grade Name. xmp.did:00801174072068118083E936383AAE83 H*T034R0 BC0k ` f- Weve got you covered! Reducing the viscosity of engine and drivetrain oils lowers fuel consumption by decreased churning losses and viscous drag. The primary difference between these two products is pour point. %PDF-1.4 % Several synthetic base oil types fall into the SHC category. <> For other applications, PAOs safe and non-toxic nature allows it to be used where incidental food contact certification or kosher approval is necessary. PPDs act only on linear or waxy compounds, and these characteristics are absent from PAOs. The vast number of high-quality base oil choices can be confusing when balancing fuel efficiency and wear protection. 0000001493 00000 n 0000035588 00000 n Defense Daily subscriber and registered users, please log in here to access the content. in extreme environments and to avoid plastic and elastomer compatibility problems. These excellent pour points are achieved while increasing the viscosity indices (VI) over traditional HV PAO. However, Group III base stocks are derived from multiple feedstock choices and processing technologies, which create variability in the properties.
