which of the following is not characteristic of neurons?

D. Involved in fast-acting body control. c. Dendrites and soma a. Functional genomics D) They are mitotic. Reflexes are rapid, automatic responses to stimuli. Name the parts that comprise the elbow joint. the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. b. cingulate cortex. nervous system? True or False, Some neurotransmitters can be either excitatory or inhibitory depending upon the receptor. b. medulla. Which of the following is false or incorrect? d. proteins. The membrane potential of the postsynaptic membrane changes. Which of the following statements is true? Psych 4035 Ch 3 Practice and Reading Quizzes, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Charles Welsh, Cynthia Prentice-Craver, David Shier, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis, Chapter 3 Formatting Documents- Val Caylor. Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are ________. likely true? Do not divide - (neural stem cells are an exception) 3. b. thalamus. The parts of neurons that receive information from other neurons are called: 4. Classify neurons according to their function. C) They can be called postsynaptic potentials. Select the correct statement regarding synapses. help to circulate the cerebrospinal fluid. likely to occur? D) They are short-lived. Group C fibers are not capable of saltatory conduction. d. the structure is anterior to the area. Enkephalins and endorphins are peptides that act like morphine. The oligodendrocytes can myelinate several axons. What does the central nervous system use to determine the strength of a stimulus? A. thow ion selectivity C. are gated A. d. Activation of postganglionic parasympathetic neurons, 65. In this study we evaluated if motor and sensory neurites have a substrate preference for laminin and . a. cerebral aqueduct. c. sensory and motor neurons that su. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? B) nerves What are the different types of motor neurons? The midbrain contains the: Which of the following conducts impulses to an effector? motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. c. epigenetic stimulus. C) neurolemma B) A nerve impulse occurs if the excitatory and inhibitory effects are equal. The period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the ________. 20. 12. stem c.) muscles d.) osteocytes. 45. B) They can form on receptor endings. All of the following describe the functions of astrocytes except: A) the myelin sheath Neurons: (a) can maintain ionic balance of extracellular environment for neurons (b) can take glucose from blood to provide to neurons to make ATP (c) can take up neurotransmitter from a synapse (d) can phag, Which of the following are characteristics of myelinated axons? D) A single type of channel will open, permitting simultaneous flow of sodium and potassium. a. Microglial cell activation A disorder that damaged oligodendrocytes would be expected to impede neurotransmission. That part of the nervous system that is voluntary and conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles is the ________ nervous system. Imagine a neuron that has several hundred axonal knobs impinging on it. a. visual information. It is impossible in a single chapter to delineate comprehensively the extensive structural, topographical and functional variation achieved by this cell type. b. Myelin prevents conduction of electricity from the axon hillock to the axon terminal. This is an example of: C) oligodendrocytes A) acetylcholine D) nitric oxide, Which of the following describes the excitatory postsynaptic potential? We used embryonic stem cell-derived (H9) human neuronal stem cells . The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. Its cell body is in an autonomic ganglion outside the CNS. Different types of neurons include sensory, motor, and interneurons, as well as structurally-based neurons, which include unipolar, multipolar, bipolar, and pseudo-unipolar neurons. In the presence of invading microbes, microglial cells become macrophages to phagocytize the microbes and neuronal debris. C) calcium If an experimental drug produced physiological effects similar to nitric oxide, then a The person would have impaired decision making while the drug's effects were active. a. Sensory neurons. d. pituitary gland. The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move bones of the skeleton. b. cingulate cortex. Efferent neurons are ___ neurons carrying impulses to the muscles. In two words, the functions of neuron tissue that we can specify is that the integration, and communication are the main function of this specialized tissue. c. Cerebellum acetylcholine D) glial cell, Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. ___________ are clusters of neuron cell bodies in the sympathetic and parasympathetic O They have extreme longevity. A) They conduct impulses. c. cause imbalance. The actual cause of the neurodegenerative component of the disease is however unclear. C) brain and spinal cord c. myelin around axons. 1. 48. The interior is ________. These K+ ions decrease the positive ion concentration momentarily below the normal -70mV and thus hyperpolarize the cell. 57. a. epigenetics. [25] designed a voltage output feedback controller, which uses the neural network feed-forward (NNFF) with the harmony search algorithm (HSA) to control the PEMFC output voltage. Their basic function is to receive and transmit information through electrical impulses. How can a single axon respond to several different kinds of events? Characteristics Of Neurons. B) microglia 6. Expert Answer. a. Epigenetic markers What effect might a disease that destroyed oligodendrocytes have on neuronal function? A. ependymal cells B. Schwann cells C . b. cause aggressive behavior. b. Which of the following IS NOT a description of a neuron? Image credit: iStockphoto. a. Somatic Nervous System Some axon terminals contain more than one kind of neurotransmitter. A. e. neurons that innervate smooth muscle are under involuntary control. inability to divide by mitosis long cell life span (longevity) high aerobic metabolic rate ability to survive in anaerobic (Uithout oxygen) conditions. Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase. What function is served by the increased axon diameter at the nodes of Ranvier? B They have extreme longevity. 69. a. Preganglionic neurons tend to be long, with the ganglion located in or near the effector target tissue(s). The frequency of impulse transmission indicates the stimulus intensity and the brain responds appropriately. When one or more presynaptic neurons fire in rapid order it produces a much greater depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane than would result from a single EPSP; this event is called ________ summation. This disease causes gradual muscle stiffness . The following is a list of characteristics of neurons: - Neurons are cells that specialized in the transmission of electrical impulses. a. sodium b. chloride c. calcium d. potassium, A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is call a(n) _____. 22. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? d. gray matter. described as having a word on the tip of your tongue, might have abnormal functioning in the: Upper motor neurons are classified according to the pathways they travel in C. The Babinski response is not characteristic of paralysis from UMN lesions b. thalamus. All preganglionic neurons in the ANS are cholinergic. A) Specific sodium gates will open. c. Activation of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons Which of the following statements most accurately describes the effects caused by binding of the neurotransmitter (green dots) to the structure labeled C? Some neuroglia remove debris and foreign material from the nervous system. Select all that apply. a. efferent neuron b. afferent neuron c. association neuron d. glial cell, Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? d. a transcription factor. C) An inhibitory postsynaptic potential occurs if the inhibitory effect is greater than the excitatory, causing hyperpolarization of the membrane. a. Activation of preganglionic sympathetic neurons It stores energy reserves. Which of the following statements is true of both membrane potential responses shown in the graphs? Use Equation v=v0+atv=v_0+a tv=v0+at to show that the time corresponding to the velocity found in part (a) is t=v0v022ax0at=\frac{-v_0 \pm \sqrt{v_0^2-2 a x_0}}{a}t=av0v022ax0. C) innervation of glands 56. D) gamma aminobutyric acid, Which of the following describes the nervous system integrative function? C) association neuron Preganglionic neurons tend to be long, with the ganglion located in or near the effector target tissue (s). A) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? a. Mitochondria in a neuron would no longer function. What is the functional neuron type that is the most prevalent in the CNS? c. reticular formation. A) They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point. Site of mRNA translation for proteins of the axolemma c. Axon fibres are covered by a white sheath called myelin. c) Myelin traps sodium ions on the axon an. What is the direct role of neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse? d. hippocampus. b. Neurotrophins The nucleus accumbens facilitates fear and aggression. Which of the following mechanisms is most significant in returning Na+ and K+ concentrations to resting ionic conditions (from point D to point E)? The p.N370S substitution causes a violation of the enzyme conformation, which affects its stability in the cell. The synapse more common in embryonic nervous tissue than in adults is the ________. O They conduct impulses. This area is also known as the soma or perikaryon. Question. Which nervous system subdivision is a chain of two motor neurons consisting of a preganglionic and a postganglionic neuron? b. sulci. channels open Influx of Na+ AP regenerated in c. Inhibited digestion b. hindbrain. A . d . What do ANS neurons regulate with regard to mechanical digestion? The human body is made of about 100 billion neurons. Nerve cell adhesion molecules (N-CAMs) ________. d. Neurons. c. Dendrites and cell bodies are found in the lateral gray columns of thoracic and the firs, Which type of neuron transmits impulses from the central nervous system to effectors such as muscles and glands? The person may have constricted pupils. True or False, If bacteria invaded the CNS tissue, microglia would migrate to the area to engulf and destroy them. b. Neurons would be unable to form the blood-brain barrier. 77. Which of the following are afferent neurons, relative to the central nervous system? B) are found on "pathfinder" neurons Traub et al. researcher would: 66. 55. D) A small . c. hippocampus. In the case of nerve . d. act as transcription factors. Be A patient is admitted to the hospital with exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Ans: they are mitotic Unli . These neurons are inhibitory neurons, meaning they release neurotransmitters that keep other neurons from firing. D) potassium, Nerve cell adhesion molecules (N-CAMs) ________. D) lowering the threshold for an action potential to occur. 1. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of nervous tissue in the brain a. Identify the cell type below that assists the function of neurons and has a supportive role within the nervous system? d. Cingulate cortex. c. a Mendelian disease. New three-photon miniature microscopes open the study of neuronal networks to those deep in the brains of behaving animals. Neurons can function optimally for over 100 years. The GBA gene encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase). If a motor neuron in the body were stimulated by an electrode placed about midpoint along the length of the axon ________. Begin by sketching the contour. a. the thin filaments of smooth muscle fibers are attached to dense bodies. High metabolic rate C. Require continuous supplies of glucose and oxygen D. Extreme longevity E. No exceptions; all of these are characteristic of neurons. Collections of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system are called ________. Which of the following types of glial cells monitors the health of neurons, and can transform into a special type of macrophage to protect endangered neurons? The structure that meets the spinal cord in the hindbrain is the: Neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the postsynaptic cell membrane and allows ions to diffuse across the membrane. C. Myelin traps sodium ions in the axon, What does myelin do for neurons? A) the membrane potential has been reestablished a. Which of the following is the study of mechanisms of gene expression not involving The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a (n) ________. e. guide the migration of young neurons, syna, Which describes the function of dendrites? They are like neurons except that they lack axons. c. M2 microglial cells D. Association Central Nervous System. a. Neurons communicate with other neurons in the central nervous system. If a drug severely depressed the functioning of the medulla, which of the following might be B) If a motor neuron in the body were stimulated by an electrode placed about midpoint along the length of the axon ________. B) Group A fibers are mostly somatic sensory and motor and are the smallest in diameter. A) Sensory neuron B) Motor neuron C) Interneuron D) All of the above. nerve impulses) Need constant supply of nutrients and oxygen O All of the listed answer choices . The patient is noncompliant and needs additional monitoring. A drug that increases appetite would likely affect: Demyelination interferes with saltatory conduction, which would result in a slowing down of nerve impulse propagation. d. The patient is at risk of a Mendelian disease. These cells have a star-like shape and a central body that contains the . How can potentially poisonous gases like NO and CO be used by the body? your answer. d. motor neuron. d. support and brace neurons. Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) play a vital role in conveying complex information from hair cells to the brainstem (Shrestha et al., 2018).As the injury or degeneration of SGNs is particularly devastating to hearing function, thus the repair of SGNs is of great importance in hearing-related biomedical fields (Petitpre et al., 2018; Wei et al., 2021). c. working memory. Which of the following best describes the function of astrocytes? A. excitability B. neurotransmitter production C. high energy needs D. capability of mitosis. b. Reactive astrocytes A) innervation of smooth muscle of the digestive tract Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase. Which pattern of neural processing is important for higher level mental processing such as problem solving? Neurons are located both in the CNS and on the periphery. b. the structure is closer to the midline of the brain. ATP-dependent "motor" proteins such as kinesin, dynein, and myosin are responsible. d. The cerebral cortex is found on the surface of the brain. A) They conduct impulses. View the full answer. d. Hypothalamus, 37. 52. 40. Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes, Neurons in the CNS are organized into functional groups, If bacteria invaded the CNS tissue, microglia would migrate to the area to engulf and destroy them, The nodes of Ranvier are found only on myelinated, peripheral neuron processes. mastering a&p- chapter 11 (part of 12) EXAM 5, Anatomy & Physiology Test 2: Tissues & Integu, UTA Biol 2458- A&P 2 Aranda Test review 1, Mastering Homework Questions and Notes: Actio, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Edge Reading, Writing and Language: Level C, David W. Moore, Deborah Short, Michael W. Smith. The part of a neuron that sends neurotransmitters into a synapse is called a(n): 6. When excited electrically, the Hg atoms emit UV light, which excites the phosphor coating of the inner tube, which then emits visible (white) light. What is the role of calcium in synaptic activity? Estimate the mass of Hg vapor present in the type of long, thin fluorescent tubes used in offices. The neuronal membrane. B) They have extreme longevity. B) negatively charged and contains less sodium The synaptic cleft b. Glial scars may impair recovery from brain injury because: Which of the following is NOT a function of astrocytes? d. spines along dendrites. D) biogenic amine, A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is called a(n) ________. True or False, Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? (d) All of these are characteristic of neurons. D. They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate., These cells in the CNS have cilia that move in order to circulate cerebrospinal fluid ________. 1.Sensory. _____________ is a process for responding to brain injury. Functions. Choose the correct order of these events below. B) hyperpolarization Learn about the neuron diagram, structure, and function. Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? 18. a. pituitary gland. b. Broca's Aphasia. b. Microglial cells 11. a. tegmentum. 2 introduce new . Neurons are the basic functional units of the nervous system, and they generate electrical signals called action potentials, which allow them to quickly transmit information over long distances. Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. c. The person would later be unable to recall events that took place for some period of time after C. cell body. Polygenic inheritance is the inheritance of traits that are influenced by multiple genes. This protective role is important because cells of the immune system are denied access to the CNS. What quantity of mercury spills over when heated to 75.0C75.0{\degree} \mathrm{C}75.0C ? ________ potentials are short-lived, local changes in membrane potential that can be either depolarized or hyperpolarized. d. cingulate cortex. kg 1), . c. lead to foreign substances entering the brain from the circulatory system. D) They can be called postsynaptic potentials. B) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles The autonomic has two divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic. B) synapse a. Neurogenetics Integrate. Classify Neurons by 3 Structures. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? Myelinated neurons conduct impulses faster than unmyelinated neurons because? D) erratic transmission of nerve impulses, Which of the following is not a chemical class of neurotransmitters? a) norepinephrine b) cholinesterase c) gamma aminobutyric acid d) acetylcholine. What are the functional classifications of neurons? A) positively charged and contains less sodium C) microglia The latter from the brain to the spinal cord. c. Extrapyramidal System The interior of a neuron is composed of cytoplasm and a gel that is called. Similar to hormones, NO and CO promote longer-lasting effects by acting through intracellular second-messenger molecules. As you start working out, you notice that your heart rate and breathing rate start to increase. A. b. hypothalamus. Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? Which of the following statements is incorrect? What should the nurse explain to the patient regarding the role of serotonin and depression? c. medulla. C) the impulse would spread bidirectionally d. Polymorphism, 50. b. Ventral root Indicate the number of orbitals in the 6p sublevel. True or False, Axon diameter and degree of myelination determine nerve impulse conduction velocity. Contains lymphatic vessel. Multiple Choice. C) leakage channel What are the basic divisions of the peripheral nervous system? Ganglia are on or near the target organ. are crucial for the development of neural connections. the somatic nervous system. What are the neuron functions for the peripheral nervous system? d. ribosome transcription. b. There are three types of neurons. Touch stimulation of this sensory receptor will open the mechanically gated ion channels, but action potentials are still not initiated because propagation of an action potential requires the opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels. Myelination of the nerve fibers in the central nervous system is the job of the oligodendrocyte, Efferent nerve fibers may be described as motor nerve fibers. A) postsynaptic potential d. cause a tremor. Calcium influx into the synaptic terminal causes vesicle fusion. b. smooth muscle cells are uninucleated. Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. d. it fills spaces in the brain. An anesthetic protocol allowing electrophysiological singleunit recordings from inhibitory, presumably GABAergic PC interneurons in vivo is developed and may be useful for evaluation of PC neurons in kindled rats. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE REGARDING UMNS ? Motor afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are _____., Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? When information is delivered within the CNS simultaneously by different parts of the neural pathway, the process is called ________ processing. a. Dendrite b. 12. Characteristics of the Neuron. 13. C) opening of voltage-regulated channels Which of the following is a factor that determines the rate of impulse propagation, or conduction velocity, along an axon? destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings. A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane. c. preganglionic terminals. d. They are the same as any other cells. The latter from the brain to the spinal cord. Both responses are examples of graded potentials. The preclinical phase of AD, which can last 10 to 20 years, is characterized by the gradual accumulation of -amyloid and tau aggregates in the brain, together with neuroinflammation and synaptic alterations ().Several lines of evidence indicate that -amyloid deposition precedes . If a physician identified her patient as a low drug metabolizer, which of the following is most True or False, Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes. a. A genetic mutation caused by an error in replicating or repairing a gene is called: A) ependymal cells The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) ________. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. According to the humidity characteristics of PEMFC, Vinu et al. Aim: The Combining Mechanisms for Better Outcomes randomized controlled trial assessed the effectiveness of various spinal cord stimulation (SCS) modalities for chronic pain. D) stimulate the production of acetylcholine, Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? a. Classify Neurons by their Function. 33. Serotonin is a biogenic amine neurotransmitter widely distributed in the brain, where it plays a role in emotional behavior and helps to regulate the biological clock. Neuronal processes that normally conduct impulses toward neuron cell bodies are called and those that carry impulses away from neuron cell bodies are called. Which type of neurons are used to convey the special senses of sight? What is the role of microglial cells and why are they so important in the CNS? Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called ________. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? d. temporal lobe. b) Neurological cells protect and support neurons. C) biogenic amine 38. Growing numbers of sodium channels appear spontaneously in the demyelinated fibers so that conduction resumes, even if slower. Just from looking down a microscope, however, it becomes very clear that not all neurons are the same. The cerebral cortex has features called gyri and sulci. True or False, The action potential is caused by permeability changes in the plasma membrane. In doing so, mention: a) the names of the neurons involved, b) where the neurons synapse with each other (2 possible ganglia), c) what Nt is released from each of the neurons. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons? C) ganglia Specialized cells in the nervous system that control behavior, senses, and movement are. There are two basic neuron-containing systems: the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the spinal cord and brain, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all other nerve tissues. View the full answer. Which of the following is not true of graded potentials? _____________ is the study of how genes support the function of neurons. Which of the choices below describes the ANS? Which of the following describes the ANS? C) They are mitotic. Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? However, the electrical impulses cannot pass directly from a nerve cell to the skeletal muscle cells to excite them. a. postganglionic terminals. O They generate very fast O They are long when compared to other cells in the body O They help carry oxygen to different body parts O They do not have a nucleus. Saltatory propagation occurs in _________ axons, in which action potentials _________. C) guide the migration of young neurons, synapse formation, and helping to determine capillary permeability In which area of the neuron is an action potential initially generated? They are the fundamental units that send and receive signals which allow us to move our muscles, feel the external world, think, form memories and much more. C) responds to stimuli by gland secretion or muscle contraction, The period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the ________. . Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? a. receives input from sensory neurons b. directs activity of motor neurons that innervate muscles and glands c. contains association neurons within the brain and spinal cord d. conta, Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? Resting potentials are not just characteristics of nerve cells; all cells in the body have resting potentials. Diminished cerebral blood flow increases oxygen to neurons. A) support and brace neurons A) They conduct impulses. Contains cells with macrophage activity c. Exhibits regenerative capacities d. Contains lymphatic vessel. b. Microglial cells c. Proteoglycans copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. 41. Which of the following is expected to occur first if the membrane potential decrease shown in the graph on the left were to reach the threshold value indicated at ~ -55 mV? (a) Voltage-gated calcium channels open (b) Neurotransmitter binds to receptors (c) Action potential arrives at axon terminal (d) Neurotransmitter is removed from the synaptic cleft (e) Neurotransmitter released into synaptic cleft (f) Graded potential generated in postsynaptic cell, (c) Action potential arrives at axon terminal (a) Voltage-gated calcium channels open (e) Neurotransmitter released into synaptic cleft (b) Neurotransmitter binds to receptors (f) Graded potential generated in postsynaptic cell (d) Neurotransmitter is removed from the synaptic cleft.

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